Holding Times, Preservasi & Jenis Wadah Sampel Lingkungan

Sampel hanya refresentatif untuk jangka waktu tertentu sebelum persiapan sampel atau analisis dimulai. Ini didefinisikan sebagai "holding time". Batas penyimpanan maksimum sangat tergantung pada karakteristik matrik sampel lingkungan, sifat parameter uji, dan teknik pengawetan.

Aturan umum untuk penanganan Sampel lingkungan adalah sebagai berikut;

Jenis Wadah - Gunakan jenis wadah yang sesuai, plastik atau gelas, dan sudah dilakukan pencucian sesuai "EPA wash procedure".



Dinginkan 4 ° C - Gunakan ice pack ketika pengiriman melalui udara dan jarak jauh dan ditempatkan dalam cooler box

Preservasi - Jika sampling untuk suatu analit membutuhkan preservasi, jenis pengawet yang diperlukan dimasukkan ke dalam botol (jangan lakukan pembilasan dengan sampel), atau pengawet dimasukkan ke dalam vial yang diberi label dengan tepat. Masukkan pengawet setelah sampel dimasukkan ke dalam botol

Berikut adalah pedoman teknis handling sampel lingkungan yang dipersyaratkan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk mendapatkan hasil uji yang valid dan reliable

Determination	Matrix	Container	Preservation	Max Holding Time
Bacterial Tests
Coliform, Colilert	W, DW	P, Bottle or Bag	Cool, 4°C, 0.008% Na2S2O3	6-24 hours
Coliform, Fecal and Total	W, DW	P,G	Cool, 4°C, 0.008% Na2S2O3	6-24 hours
Fecal Streptococci	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C, 0.008% Na2S2O3	6-24 hours
Inorganic Tests
Acidity	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C	14 daysEPA
Alkalinity	W, DW	P,G	Cool, 4°C	14 daysEPA
Ammonia	W, DW	P,G	Cool, 4°C, H2SO4 to pH<2	28 days
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C	48 hours
Bromate	W, DW	P,G	50mg/L EDA, cool to 4°C	28 days
Bromide	W, DW	P,G	None Required	28 days
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C, H2SO4 to pH<2	28 days
Chloride – Method 300.0	W, DW	P,G	None Required	28 days
Chloride – Method 9056	W, S	P,G	Cool, 4°C	Analyze immediately
Chlorine, Total Residual	W, DW	P,G	None Required	15 minutes
Chlorite	W, DW	P,G	50mg/L EDA, cool to 4°C	14 days
Chlorophyll-A	W	G Amber	Cool, 4°C	Analyze immediately
Chromium VI – Method 7196A	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C	24 hours
Color	W, DW	P,G	Cool, 4°C	48 hours
Cyanide, Total and Amenable to Chlorination	W, DW	P,G	Cool, 4°C, NaOH to pH>12, plus 0.6 g Ascorbic Acid	14 days
Cyanide, Weak Acid Dissociable	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C, NaOH to pH >12	14 days
Ferrous Iron	W, DW	G Amber	Cool, 4°C	24 hours
Fluoride – Method 300.0	W, DW	P,G	None Required	28 days
Fluoride – Method 9056	W, S	P,G	Cool, 4°C	Analyze immediately
Hardness	W, DW	P,G	HNO3 to pH<2	6 months
Hydrogen Ion (pH)	W, DW, S	P,G	None Required	Analyze immediately
Ignitability	W	G	None Required	14 days
Kjeldahl and Organic Nitrogen	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C, H2SO4 to pH<2	28 days
Nitrate – Method 300.0	W, DW	P,G	Cool, 4°C	48 hours
Nitrate – Method 353.2	W, DW	P,G	Cool, 4°C, H2SO4 to pH<2	48 hours
Nitrate – Method 9056	W, S	P,G	Cool, 4°C	Analyze immediately
Nitrate-Nitrite – Method 353.2	W, DW	P,G	Cool, 4°C, H2SO4 to pH<2	28 days
Nitrite	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C	48 hours
Orthophosphate – Method 365.3	W, DW	P,G	Cool, 4°C	Analyze immediately
Oxygen, Dissolved (Probe)	W, DW	G, Bottle and Top	None Required	Analyze immediately
Oxygen, Dissolved (Winkler)	W, DW	G, Bottle and Top	Fix on Site and Store in Dark	8 hours
Perchlorate	W, DW	P,G	Protect from temp. extremes	28 days
Phenolics, Total	W	G Only	Cool, 4°C, H2SO4 to pH<2	28 days
Phosphorus, Elemental	W	G Only	Cool, 4°C	48 hours
Phosphorus, Total	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C, H2SO4 to pH<2	28 days
Residue, Total	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C	7 days
Residue, Filterable (TDS)	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C	7 days
Residue, Nonfilterable (TSS)	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C	7 days
Residue, Settleable	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C	48 hours
Residue, Volatile	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C	7 days
Silica	W	P Only	Cool, 4°C	28 days
Specific Conductance	W, DW	P,G	Cool, 4°C	28 days
Sulfate – Method 300.0	W, DW	P,G	Cool, 4°C	28 days
Sulfate – Method 9056	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C	Analyze immediately
Sulfide	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C, Add Zinc Acetate plus Sodium Hydroxide to pH>9	7 days
Sulfite	W	P,G	None Required	24 hours
Surfactants (MBAS)	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C	48 hours
Tannin and Lignin	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C	28 days
Temperature	W	P,G	None Required	Analyze immediately
Turbidity	W, DW	P,G	Cool, 4°C	48 hours
Metals
Metals, except CrVI and Mercury	W, DW	P,G	HNO3 to pH<2	6 months
	S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°C	6 months
Chromium VI – Method 7195	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C	24 hours
Mercury	W	P,G	HNO3 to pH<2	28 days
Mercury	S	P,G	Cool, 4°C	28 days
Organic Tests
Oil and Grease, Hexane Extractable Material (EPA 1664)	W	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°C, H2SO4 to pH<2	28 days
Organic Carbon, Total (TOC)	W	P,G	Cool, 4°C, H2SO4 to pH<2	28 days
Organic Halogens, Total (TOX)	W	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°C, H2SO4 to pH<2, No headspace	28 days
Organic Halogens, Adsorbable (AOX)	W	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°C, HNO3 to pH<2	6 months
Petroleum Hydrocarbons, Total Recoverable	W	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°C, HCl or H2SO4 to pH<2	28 days
Petroleum Hydrocarbons, Total	W	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°C, HCl or H2SO4 to pH<2	7 days until extraction; 40 days after extraction
Petroleum Hydrocarbons, Total	S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°C	14 days until extraction; 40 days after extraction
Volatile Organics
Petroleum Hydrocarbons, Volatile (Gasoline-Range Organics)	W	G, Teflon-Lined Septum Cap	Cool, 4°C, HCl to pH<2, No Headspace	14 days
Petroleum Hydrocarbons, Volatile (Gasoline-Range Organics)	S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°C, Minimize Headspace	14 days
Purgeable Halocarbons	W	G, Teflon-Lined, Septum Cap	No Residual Chlorine Present: HCl to pH<2, Cool, 4°C, No Headspace Residual Chlorine Present: 10% Na2S2O3, HCl to pH<2, Cool, 4°Cn No Headspace	14 days
Purgeable Halocarbons	S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°C, Minimize Headspace	14 days
Purgeable Halocarbons	S	Method 5035A, G. Teflon-Lined, Septum Cap	Freeze at -20°C on site in vial	14 days
			Frozen in coring tool on site	48 hours
			Cool 4°C, freeze at lab within 48 hours	14 days
			Cool 4°C, methanol preserved within 48 hours	14 days
			Cool 4°C in vial	48 hours
			Cool 4°C in coring tool	48 hours
			Cool 4°C, Sodium Bisulfate	14 days
Purgeable Aromatic Hydrocarbons (including BTEX and MTBE)	W	G, Teflon-Lined, Septum Cap	No Residual Chlorine Present: HCl to pH<2, Cool, 4°C, No Headspace Residual Chlorine Present: 10% Na2S2O3, HCl to pH<2, Cool 4°C	14 days
Purgeable Aromatic Hydrocarbons (including BTEX and MTBE)	S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°C, Minimize Headspace	14 days
Purgeable Aromatic Hydrocarbons (including BTEX and MTBE)	S	Method 5035A, G. Teflon-Lined, Septum Cap	Freeze at -20°C on site in vial	14 days
			Frozen in coring tool on site	48 hours
			Cool 4°C, freeze at lab within 48 hours	14 days
			Cool 4°C, methanol preserved within 48 hours	14 days
			Cool 4°C in vial	48 hours
			Cool 4°C in coring tool	48 hours
			Cool 4°C, Sodium Bisulfate	14 days
Acrolein, Acrylonitrile, Acetonitrile	W	G, Teflon-Lined, Septum Cap	Adjust pH to 4-5, Cool, 4°C, No Headspace	14 days
EDB and DBCP	W,S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°C, 3 mg Na2S2O3, No Headspace	28 days
Semivolatile Organics
Dioxins/Furans by 8290/8280	W	G Amber	Cool, 4°C	30 days
Dioxins/Furans by 8290/8280	S	G	Cool, 4°C	30 days, if frozen 1 year
Dioxins/Furans by 1613B	W	G Amber	Cool, 4°C	1 year
Dioxins/Furans by 1613B	S	G	Frozen	1 year
Coplanar PCBs by 1668A	W	G Amber	Cool, 4°C	1 year
Coplanar PCBs by 1668A	S	G	Cool, 4°C	1 year
Petroleum Hydrocarbons, Extractable (Diesel-Range Organics)	W,S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°C	7 days until extraction;f 40 days after extraction
Alcohols and Glycols	W,S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°Ca	7 days until extraction;f 40 days after extraction
Phenols	W,S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°Ca	7 days until extraction;f 40 days after extraction
Phthalate Esters	W,S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°Ca	7 days until extraction;f 40 days after extraction
Nitrosamines	W,S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°C	7 days until extraction;f 40 days after extraction
Organochlorine Pesticides and PCBs	W,S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°C	7 days until extraction;f 40 days after extraction
Nitroaromatics and Cyclic Ketones	W,S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°C	7 days until extraction;f 40 days after extraction
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons	W,S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°C	7 days until extraction;f 40 days after extraction
Haloethers	W,S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°Ca	7 days until extraction;f 40 days after extraction
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons	W,S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°Ca	7 days until extraction;f 40 days after extraction
Organophosphorus Pesticides	W,S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°Ca	7 days until extraction;f 40 days after extraction
Nitrogen- and Phosphorus-Containing Pesticides	W,S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°Ca	7 days until extraction;f 40 days after extraction
Carbonyl Compounds (formaldehyde)	W	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°Ca	3 days until extraction; 3 days after extraction
Chlorinated Herbicides	W,S	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°Ca	7 days until extraction;f 40 days after extraction
Chlorinated Phenolics	W	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	H2SO4 to pH<2, Cool, 4°Ca	30 days until extraction; 30 days after extraction
Resin and Fatty Acids	W	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	NaOH to pH >10, Cool, 4°Ca	30 days until extraction; 30 days after extraction
Drinking Water Organics
Purgeable Organics	DW	G, Teflon-Lined, Septum Cap	Ascorbic Acid, HCl to pH<2, Cool, 4°C, No Headspace	14 days
EDB, DBCP, and TCP	DW	G, Teflon-Lined Septum Cap	Cool, 4°C, 3 mg Na2S2O3, No Headspace	14 days
Carbamates, Carbamoyloximes	DW	G, Amber, Teflon-Lined Cap	1.8 mL monochloroacetic acid to pH<3; 80 mg/L Na2S2O3 if Res.Cl.; Cool, 4°C	28 days
Chlorinated Herbicides	DW	G, Amber, Teflon-Lined Cap	If Res.Cl, 2mg/40mL NaS; Cool, <6°C	14 days until extraction; 21 days after extraction
Chlorinated Pesticides	DW	G, Amber, Teflon-Lined Cap	50 mg/L NaS, HCl to pH< 2; Cool, 4°C	14 days until extraction; 30 days after extraction
Diquat and Paraquat	DW	HDPE, Amber, Teflon-Lined Cap	100 mg/L Na2S2O3 if Res.Cl., Cool, 4°C	7days until extraction; 21 days after extraction
Endothall	DW	G, Amber, Teflon-Lined Cap	Cool, 4°C	7 days until extraction; 14 days after extraction
Glyphosate	DW	G, Amber, Teflon-Lined Cap	100 mg/L Na2S2O3, Cool, 4°C	14 days
Haloacetic Acids	DW	G, Amber, Teflon-Lined Cap	100 mg/L NH4Cl, Cool, 4°C	14 days until extraction; 7 days after extraction
Semivolatile Organics	DW	G, Amber, Teflon-Lined Cap	50 mg/L NaS, HCl to pH< 2; Cool, 4°C	14 days until extraction; 30 days after extraction
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP)
Mercury	HW	P,G	Sample: Cool, 4°C	28 days until extraction;
			TCLP extract: HNO3 to pH<2	28 days after extraction
Metals, except Mercury	HW	P,G	Sample: Cool, 4°C	180 days until extraction;
			TCLP extract: HNO3 to pH<2	180 days after extraction
Volatile Organics	HW	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Sample: Cool, 4°C , Minimize Headspace	14 days until extraction;
			TCLP extract: Cool, 4°C, HCl to pH<2, No Headspace	14 days after extraction
Semivolatile Organics	HW	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Sample: Cool, 4°C, Store in Darka	14 days to prepare leachate;
			TCLP extract: Cool, 4°C, Store in Darka	7 days to extract
				40 days after extraction to analyze
Organochlorine Pesticides	HW	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Sample: Cool, 4°C	14 days until TCLP ext'n;
			TCLP extract: Cool, 4°C	7 days until extraction; 40 days after extraction
Chlorinated Herbicides	HW	G, Teflon-Lined Cap	Sample: Cool, 4°C	14 days until TCLP ext'n;
			TCLP extract: Cool, 4°C	7 days until extraction; 40 days after extraction

Notes:

DW = Drinking Water; W = Water; S = Soil or Sediment; HW = Hazardous Waste; A = Air

P = Polyethylene; G = Glass